Development of Hydraulic Ram Pump for Agriculture Uses and Approach A Review

Abstract

This report focuses on Hydraulic Ramp Pumps that have been used worldwide for over two centuries in many areas. The project idea is to build a pump known as Hydraulic Ram Pump [HRP] that gets the water higher level, Kinetic Energy at the inlet, and converted it into pressure energy. This is commercially successful because of its simplicity and reliability. The hydraulic ram pump (hydram) is a viable and appropriate renewable energy water pumping technique developed in many countries, our project team can get the idea to design and manufacture a more efficient and long time durable Hydraulic Ram Pump so that it can solve major problems by providing adequate domestic water supply to Rural Populations and Agricultural Land, it is difficult to the water served by a conventional pipe system.

Introduction

I. INTRODUCTION

The application of water and uses has been the most important factor in raising the productivity of agriculture and ensuring predictability in outputs. Water is essential to bring forth the land potential and plants and animals variety improved to make full use of other yield-improve production factors. Increasing sustainable water management (especially combined with adequate soil husbandry) and increasing productivity helps to confirm better production both for commercial disposal, and direct consumption, so enhancing the generation of essential economic surpluses for that increasing rural economies.

In India, more than 60% population depends on agriculture, because the Indian economy is an Agri-based economy even the growth of the economy totally depends upon the products of agriculture. Agriculture depends on seasons (mainly the rainy season). In the rainy season the majority of crops is depends on water.  Irrigation is still in the majority of rural area power is not available at any time. Therefore ponds and rivers are available, and continuous water supply by channel is also available. it is difficult to get their land irrigated properly. They use pumps like diesel pumps and petrol pumps for the irrigation of land and farms. which is costly and unaffordable to the agriculturist, so either the electricity is available or not available or it is costly, so they need non-conventional energy sources. Solar pumps are also available but these are not in use. Because it is so highly costly and the other issue is commercialization, it is to build up and developed machines/mechanisms that work without unconventional or conventional energy like solar, wind, etc.

When water enters the drive pipe from a specific high height at a high flow rate. The discharge valve is a nonreturn valve. The waste valve is open and the discharge valve is closed. Water that flows out around a waste valve is called a wasting period. since water is wasted (Figure 15). Under the action supply head (SH ), the water drive line is accelerated. When a flow velocity is increased the waste valve will be closed and a very high pressure wave will be created. Static supply pressure is lower than this pressure.

III. APPLICATIONS OF HYDRAULIC RAM PUMP

1. Its cost is very low.
2. Use of Renewable energy resources.
3. It has low maintenance requirements because of simplicity and reliability.  
4. In rural villages is more impactable.
5. It has a good potential for local manufacture.
6. It has continuous, automatic operation and requires no human input or supervision.
7.  Pumping is a small area of the proportion of the available flow that has little environmental impact.

IV. ADVANTAGE AND USAGE

1. Low maintenance requirement.
2. Little environmental impact.
3. The use of a renewable energy source ensures low running costs.

V. USAGE

Pumps water from source to community.

VI. DESIGN ASPECT FOR “HYDRAULIC RAM” PUMP, AND VARIOUS DESIGN COMPONENTS, DESIGN FORMULAS.

A. Design Formulas

FB:-     Waste valve beats per minute (times/min)                         Q: -      Volume flow rate (m3/s)                                                              

g: -       Gravitational acceleration (m/s 2)                                        Q* : -  Pump Flow is in  liters/minute

 P :- Pressure = Head x 0.433 psi/ft

 H: -      Total head of water                                                               ?: -      Efficiency

HRP: -   Hydraulic ram pump                                                       ρ  :-       Density (Kg/m3)

H*: -     Head ratio                                                                         d : -       Delivery pipe

Pc: -     Pressure inside the chamber (bar)                                   w: -      Waste Valve or impulse valve

POW: - Power (P)                                                                      s:-      Supply or drive  pipe

Various Design components:-

• Delivery valves
• Water storage tank
•flow valve
• non -return valve
• supply pipes
• End Caps

• Air chamber

B. Actual Model

Conclusion

After a brief explanation of the project, we conclude the following terms about our project. Due to its small size, it can implement in any place. It does not require any external source of energy like electricity, etc. Due to its low manufacturing as well as maintenance cost, a common man can easily afford it. The project has many practical implementations and uses. As the energy sources like petroleum gas, fuel, etc. are depleting day by day, we designed this Hydraulic Ram Pump which does not need any external energy sources. There is a further need for enhancement of the efficiency of the hydram

References

Journals [1] S1. Shuaibu Ndache MOHAMMED, “Design and Construction of a Hydraulic Ram Pump”, Leonardo Electronic Journal of Practices and Technologies, Issue 11, July-December 2007, p. 59-70. [2] Lansford W M and Dugan W G (1941), “An Analytical and Experimental Study of the Hydraulic Ram”, Uni6. Illinois Bull., Vol. 38, p. 326 [3] Lai C (1962), “A Study of Water Hammer Including Effect of Hydraulic Losses”, Ph.D. Thesis, University of Michigan [4] Whitehurst, John (1775). \"Account of a Machine for Raising Water, executed at Oulton, in Cheshire, in 1772\". Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society. London: Royal Society. 65: 277–279. doi:10.1098/rstl.1775.0026 [5] Executive Documents of the House of Representatives at the Second Session of the Twenty-first Congress …, vol. 2 (Washington, D.C.: Duff Green, 1831. [6] “Hydraulic Ram Pumps”, Practical Action, United Kingdom, 2010. [7] “Hydraulic Ram Pumps”, John Perkin, Green, and Carter LTD [8] IDRC, February 1986, Proceedings of a Workshop on Hydraulic Ram Pump (Hydram) Technology, held at Arusha, Tanzania, May 29-June 1, 1984, International Development Research Center (IDRC), IDRC-MR1O2e R. [9] Dnadhar, M.M and Sharma, K.N, 1979, Water Power Engineering, Vikas Publishing House Pvt. Ltd. India. [10] David, J.P., and Edward, H.W., 1985, Schaum\'s Outline of Theory and Problems of Fluid Mechanics and Hydraulics, SI (Metric) Edition, McGraw-Hill Book Company, Singapore. [11] Seemin Sheikh, Dr.C.C Handa, A.P Ninawe. Internal Journal of Engineering and Research of a generalized design approach for hydraulic ram pump, Oct2013

Copyright

Copyright © 2023 Prof. C. C. Handa, Vivek Valvi, Meghraj Sahare, Pavan Ingole, Tushar Samarth, Sagar Kumbhare, Akansha Raut. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.